Solar power plants generate electricity by converting sunlight into energy using photovoltaic (PV) cells or through concentrated solar power (CSP) systems. PV plants are more common and involve arrays of solar panels that directly convert sunlight into electricity via semiconducting materials that exhibit the photovoltaic effect. CSP, on the other hand, uses mirrors or lenses to concentrate a large area of sunlight onto a small area, typically transferring the concentrated energy to heat a fluid, which then produces steam to drive a turbine and generate electricity. Both types of solar power plants can be scaled from small, rooftop installations to massive, multi-megawatt power stations. They offer a clean, renewable energy source, reducing dependence on fossil fuels and lowering greenhouse gas emissions, making them integral to sustainable energy strategies worldwide.