Long pepper, or *Piper longum*, is a unique and aromatic spice used in traditional Indian, Southeast Asian, and Mediterranean cuisines. It consists of dried, elongated fruit spikes with a distinct, complex flavor profile combining warmth, spiciness, and subtle sweetness. Though similar to black pepper, long pepper has a slightly sharper heat and a hint of floral and earthy undertones. This ancient spice has been prized not only for its culinary versatility but also for its medicinal properties in Ayurveda and traditional medicine. It is known to aid digestion, improve respiratory health, and support immunity. Long pepper is rich in piperine, which enhances nutrient absorption. In cooking, it is often ground or broken into smaller pieces and added to spice blends, soups, pickles, and curries. Its robust flavor complements both savory and sweet dishes, making it an exotic addition to modern and traditional recipes.