P Cap

P caps are the most widely used and most common caps which are named after its construction which is in the form of P at its back. These P caps are provided with adjustable belt at its back for proper adjustment of headpiece in the head. Typically p is for an observed probability, p-hat is for an estimated probability. That does depend on the notation standard being used though. The goal is to take a sample and be able to make intelligent guesses about the true value of the proportion p in the population. A valuable tool is the confidence interval: the range of values for p in the population that could reasonably have produced the sample p-hat we observed.