Ammonium sulfate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula (NH4)2SO4. It consists of white, odorless crystals or granules that dissolve readily in water. Produced commercially through the reaction of ammonia with sulfuric acid, ammonium sulfate is widely used in agriculture as a nitrogen fertilizer, providing essential nutrients for plant growth and improving soil fertility. It is particularly favored for crops that require acidic soil conditions due to its slightly acidic nature. In addition to its role in agriculture, ammonium sulfate is utilized in various industrial applications, including in the production of fire retardants, as a food additive (E517), and in water treatment processes. It is valued for its high nitrogen content (typically around 21%) and cost-effectiveness in agricultural practices, contributing significantly to global food production and sustainable farming practices.